This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Argentina. As of February 2011, the list contains 398 mammal species from Argentina, of which 1 is extinct, 6 are critically endangered, 14 are endangered, 19 are vulnerable, and 31 are near-threatened.[1]
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:
| EX | Extinct | No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. |
| EW | Extinct in the Wild | Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized population well outside its historic range. |
| CR | Critically Endangered | The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. |
| EN | Endangered | The species is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild. |
| VU | Vulnerable | The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. |
| NT | Near Threatened | The species does not currently qualify as being at high risk of extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. |
| LC | Least Concern | The species is not currently at risk of extinction in the wild. |
| DD | Data Deficient | There is inadequate information to assess the risk of extinction for this species. |
The armadillos are small mammals with a bony armored shell. They are native to the Americas. There are around 20 extant species.
The order Pilosa is extant only in the Americas and includes the anteaters, sloths, and tamanduas.
The order Primates contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the latter category including humans. It is divided informally into three main groupings: prosimians, monkeys of the New World, and monkeys and apes of the Old World.
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
Didelphimorphia is the order of common opossums of the Western Hemisphere. Opossums probably diverged from the basic South American marsupials in the late Cretaceous or early Paleocene.They are small to medium-sized marsupials, about the size of a large house cat, with a long snout and prehensile tail.
There are six extant species of shrew opossum. They are small shrew-like marsupials confined to the Andes.
The Monito del Monte is the only extant member of its family and the only surviving member of an ancient order, the Microbiotheria.
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